Mycobacterium smegmatis ChIP-seq, RNA-seq and RIP-seq visualization

This is an interactive supplementary material for:

  • RIP-seq reveals novel RNAs that interact with RNA polymerase and the primary sigma factors in bacteria
  • Expanding the CarD interaction network: CrsL is involved in a transcriptional coregulatory balanced mechanism in Mycobacterium smegmatis NEW
Take me to details
Display annotations from:
Load TSS data from:
Load RNAseq data for: EX ST EX ST (phase)
Sikova 2019:
Shoman 2025 KD: NEW
⤷ KD control: NEW
Load ChIPseq data for:
Exponential phase:
Stationary phase
Load RIPseq data for:
Exponential phase:
Stationary phase
Compare multiple locations

Details

This browser serves to display the data we collected by performing RNAseq, ChIPseq and RIPseq experiments in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Our goal was to identify novel RNA molecules bound to the transcription machinery and to map RNA polymerase and sigma factor position on the genome in both exponential and stationary phase of growth. All experiments were performed at 37°C in 7H9 medium supplemented with 10% glycerol and 0.05% Tween 80.

Related papers

  • Shoman Mahmoud, Černý Martin, Jirát Matějčková Jitka, Schwarz Marek, Borah Nabajyoti, Vaňková Hausnerová Viola, Neva Silvia, Šiková Michaela, Sanderova Hana, Halada Petr, Hubálek Martin, Dvořáková Věra, Převorovský Martin, Holubová Jana, Staněk Ondřej, Krasny Libor, Zidek Lukas, Hnilicova Jarmila, Expanding the CarD interaction network: CrsL is a novel transcription regulator in actinobacteria Nucleic Acids Research, 2025; in press
  • Viola Vaňková Hausnerová, Mahmoud Shoman, Dilip Kumar, Marek Schwarz, Martin Modrák, Jitka Jirát Matějčková, Eliška Mikesková, Silvia Neva, Anna Herrmannová, Michaela Šiková, Petr Halada, Iva Novotná, Petr Pajer, Leoš Shivaya Valášek, Martin Převorovský, Libor Krásný, Jarmila Hnilicová, RIP-seq reveals RNAs that interact with RNA polymerase and primary sigma factors in bacteria, Nucleic Acids Research, 2024;, gkae081, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae081
The displayed coverage data were computed as follows:
  • Reads were mapped with HISAT2, divided according to strand (when appropriate) and read coverage was computed with DeepTools bamComverage and scaled to 10^6 reads (additional scaling by factor of -1 for - strand). Finally, the shown mean coverage for corresponding sample groups was computed with wiggletools mean command.

RNAseq

  • Sikova et al: The RNAseq data were taken from work by Šiková et. al (2019), ArrayExpress accession E-MTAB-7004
    Šiková M, Janoušková M, Ramaniuk O, Páleníková P, Pospíšil J, Bartl P, et al. Ms1 RNA increases the amount of RNA polymerase in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Mol Microbiol. 2019;111(2):354-72. Epub 2018/12/11. doi: 10.1111/mmi.14159. PubMed PMID: 30427073.
  • Shoman 2025: The sgRNA targeting crsL (MSMEG_5890) and carD (MSMEG_6077) were designed and cloned into PLJR962 (for dCas9 expression) according to the previously established protocol1. Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 cells (negative control/NC, carD knockdown strain and crsL knockdown strain) were inoculated to OD600 0.1 and grown at 37°C in Middlebrook 7H9 medium with 0.2% glycerol and 0.05% Tween 80. For exponential [stationary] phase cells, knockdowns were induced with anhydrotetracycline (100 ng/mL) after 3h [8h] of OD600 0.1 and the strains were cultivated for another 3h [16h] and harvested (OD600 ~0.5 [~2.5]). The cells were pelleted by centrifugation and frozen at -70°C. For unbiased quantification, RNA spike-in were added to each sample according to the following rule: 15 ng of RNA spike-in were added per 30 ml culture of OD600~0.5.
    1) Rock, J.M., et al., Programmable transcriptional repression in mycobacteria using an orthogonal CRISPR interference platform. Nature microbiology, 2017. 2(4): p. 1-9.

ChIPseq

  1. To reveal the distribution of mycobacterial transcription factors across the genome, we performed ChIPseq in the exponential phase of growth, using Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 strains with FLAG tagged CarD (MSMEG_6077), RbpA (MSMEG_3858), HelD (MSMEG_2174) and CrsL (MSMEG_5890) proteins. All of these strains carried an extra copy of the genes encoding CarD, RbpA, HelD and CrsL encoded by an integrative plasmid, whose expression was induced by the addition of anhydrotetracycline to the growth media. The proteins of interest with the respective genome fragments were isolated using anti-FLAG coated resin.
  2. We used wild type Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 cells for ChIPseq experiments using antibodies recognizing RNA polymerase and the main sigma factor Sigma A. In this series of experiments, we analyzed both exponential and stationary phase of growth.
  3. Mycobacterium smegmatis ΔHelD strain: This experiment is complementary to the RNAP ChIP-seq in the wild type strain. To see the influence of HelD on the distribution of RNA polymerase across the M. smegmatis chromosome, we performed ChIP-seq experiment with the helD deletion strain. We used the antibody recognizing RNA polymerase (the same one as in the ChIP-seq experiment with the wild type strain, see above) and performed ChIP-seq in both exponential and stationary phase (see Kumar and Vankova 2024 for further details).
Peak calling and gene assignment

The peak calling was done with MACS2 on each replicate separately and only the regions overlapping in all replicates were retained as resulting peaks. The highest (worst) p-value from the overlapping peaks was assigned to the resulting peak as its p-value.
The p-value and q-value for the peaks are reported as negative decadic logarithm of the respective statistics. The transparency of the peak changes linearly from 0 to 1 for 0 < -log(p-val) < 100 and is set to fully opaque for -log(p-val) > 100.

We assigned genes to each peak according to cascade of rules:

  1. ORF starts within peak region (5' overlap)
  2. ORF starts within +-50 bp peak region (5'within_50bp)
  3. peak region is located within annotated region (annot.overlap)
  4. ORF ends within peak region (3' overlap)
  5. nearest ORF start (nearest.5')

RIPseq

To identify novel RNA molecules associating with transcription machinery, we performed RIPseq experiments (RNA immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing of isolated RNAs). We used wild type cells of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 in both exponential and stationary phase of growth. To precipitate RNA polymerase and the primary sigma factor sigma A, we used antibodies recognizing these proteins.

Source data

Sample ID ArrayExpress accession
RNA-seq of wild type Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 (exponential and stationary phase) and Ms1 deletion strain (exponential and stationary phase) E-MTAB-7004
RNA-seq of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 negative control strain (NC), carD (MSMEG_6077) and crsL (MSMEG_5890) knockdown strains, from exponential and stationary phase cells. E-MTAB-13812
ChIP-seq identification of CarD (MSMEG_6077) binding sites in Mycobacterium smegmatis E-MTAB-11828
ChIP-seq identification of RbpA (MSMEG_3858) binding sites in Mycobacterium smegmatis E-MTAB-11829
ChIP-seq identification of CrsL (MSMEG_5890) binding sites in Mycobacterium smegmatis E-MTAB-12348
ChIP-seq analysis of RNA polymerase and sigma A distribution in Mycobacterium smegmatis E-MTAB-12349
ChIP-seq analysis of RNA polymerase and sigma A distribution in Mycobacterium smegmatis MSMEG_2174 (helD) deletion strain E-MTAB-13811
RIP-seq identification of RNAs enriched on RNA polymerase and the primary sigma factor (sigma A) in Mycobacterium smegmatis E-MTAB-11692

Annotations

  • To make the 'NCBI' annotations visualization more consise in igv.js track representation, we have removed the "region" annotation spanning whole chromosome, added the "product" information from CDS to it's parrent gene and then removed the CDS annotation information.
    Further, we've added the annotation for the Ms1 RNA (10.1093/nar/gku793, Rfam), to the NCBI annotation as gene-99999 with locus_tag MSMEG_Ms1.
  • The 'Mycobrowser' annotations for M. smegmatis were downloaded from mycobrowser.epfl.ch release 4.
  • The TSS data were obtained from work by Martini et. al (2019) Supplementary Table S2. Martini, M. C., Zhou, Y., Sun, H., & Shell, S. S. (2019). Defining the transcriptional and post-transcriptional landscapes of Mycobacterium smegmatis in aerobic growth and hypoxia. Frontiers in microbiology, 10, 591. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00591

References

Download data

Files in the following directories contain processed data presented on this page. To obtain raw data, please use the ArrayExpress data repositories where the raw data for individual experiments are stored.